Article 33
Article from Present Truth Magazine
published by laymen in the 1970's
Rome
Regeneration - a necessary
condition for justification.
Reformation
Regeneration - the immediate consequence and fruit of justification.
There are many souls today who are not clear on the mighty doctrinal gains of the Reformation. Not only do they confuse justification and regeneration, but some even imagine that regeneration and transformation of character must take place in the heart before God can justify the believer in Jesus.
Unless a Christian
is clear on this point, it is impossible to be sound in the faith. Therefore
we shall examine the evidence from God's Word - evidence that will clearly
prove that God justifies men while they are still sinners in themselves.
According to Paul
The book of Romans is the inspired thesis on justification. Here the subject is set out in the most careful and logical order. Paul makes five points to show that men are justified while still sinners in themselves:
1. God justifies the ungodly. First Paul sets forth the truth that all men are sinners. In the third chapter of Romans he declares that faith is the only condition of receiving justification. Then in chapter 4 he says: "But to him that worketh not, but believeth on Him that justifieth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness." Verse 5. In the original language, the word "ungodly" is one of the strongest expressions that can be used to describe a sinner. This scripture certainly contradicts the notion that God justifies only regenerate saints.
2. God justifies
the uncircumcised. In order to illustrate that justification comes
on the ungodly who believe, Paul illustrates his point from the ex ample
of Abraham. The father of the faithful was justified by faith while he
was uncircumcised.
"Cometh this
blessedness then upon the circumcision only, or upon the uncircumcision
also? for we say that faith was reckoned to Abraham for righteousness.
How was it then reckoned? when he was in circumcision, or in uncircumcision?
Not in circumcision, but in uncircumcision. And he received the sign of
circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had yet
being uncircumcised: that he might be the father of all them that believe,
though they be not circumcised; that righteousness might be imputed unto
them also." Rom. 4:9-11.
In the minds of the Jews, uncircumcision stood for an unclean and unsanctified state. Circumcision is a symbol of the new heart (Deut. 30:6; Col. 2:11-13). So the new life is the sign and witness of the blessing of justification, not the cause or even the condition necessary for justification. Paul's gospel declares that God justifies the ungodly, the uncircumcised and the heathen through faith and faith alone (Rom. 4:5, 10; Gal. 3:8).
3. God calls the
things that be not as though they were. Human wisdom will question,
"How can God pronounce a man righteous before the Holy Spirit
has made him righteous?" This is how the Catholic reasons. Paul anticipates
this objection, and so he cites Abraham's experience again to illustrate
God's "way of justification: ". . . (as it is written, I have
made thee a father of many nations,) before Him whom he believed, even
God, who quickeneth the dead, and calleth those things which be not as
though they were." Rom. 4:17. God did not give Abraham a son and
then pronounce him a father. He pronounced him a father while his own
body and Sarah's womb were still dead (See verse 19). In the same way,
God pronounces the believing sinner righteous even before the fruit of
a new life is seen. He calls "those things which be not as though
they were."
4. The new heart of peace, joy and love is the consequence of justification. Nothing could be plainer than Romans 5:
"Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ: by whom also we have access by faith into this grace wherein we stand, and rejoice in hope of the glory of God. . . . and hope maketh not ashamed; because the love of God is shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost which is given unto us." Verses 1,2,5.
Thus does Romans 5
begin to enumerate the fruits of being justified by faith. Nothing works
moral renovation like the sense of God's pardoning love. As Luther said,
" . . . when I learned how the sinner's justification proceeds from
the pure mercy of the Lord by means of faith, then I felt myself revive
like a new man, and entered at open doors into the very paradise of God."
- J.H. Merle D'Aubigne, History of the Reformation in the Sixteenth Century,
vol. 1, p. 73.
5. Only the justified receive the gift and infilling of the Spirit. Paul speaks of two gifts - the gift of righteousness, and the gift of the Spirit (Rom. 5:5, 17). Righteousness is imputed to give the believer right standing with God; the Spirit is imparted to work renovation and sanctification in the heart of the believer. As we have seen from Romans 5:1,5, the gift of the Spirit is given to those who have been justified by faith. In fact, Paul's thorough treatment of the Spirit's work is presented in Romans 8 - only after he has thoroughly presented justification through the imputation of God's righteousness. The Spirit is the witness that the justified are children of God (Rom. 8:16; cf. Eph. 1:13, 14). In Galatians the apostle declares:
"And the Scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the heathen through faith, preached before the gospel unto Abraham, saying, In thee shall all nations be blessed. So then they which be of faith are blessed with faithful Abraham.... Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: for it is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree: that the blessing of Abraham might come on the Gentiles through Jesus Christ; that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faith." Gal. 3:8, 9, 13, 14.
The apostle Peter
also confirms that the gift of the Spirit is given to the justified, for
he says, "Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of
Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift
of the Holy Ghost." Acts 2:38.
It is true that the Spirit pleads with the hearts of all men as long as Jesus continues to make intercession for the transgressors in the sanctuary above. To those who respond to His drawing, the Spirit gives faith and repentance. In theology this is called "prevenient grace," and should not be confused with the gift and infilling of the Spirit, which comes-upon the justified.
Thus men are justified by faith while they are still sinners in themselves.
According to Ezekiel
"Thus saith the
Lord God unto Jerusalem: Thy birth and thy nativity is of the land of
Canaan; thy father was an Amorite, and thy mother an Hittite. And as for
thy nativity, in the day thou wast born thy navel was not cut, neither
wast thou washed in water to supple thee; thou wast not salted at all,
nor swaddled at all. None eye pitied thee, to do any of these unto thee,
to have compassion upon thee; but thou wast cast out in the open field,
to the lothing of thy person, in the day that thou wast born. And when
I. passed by thee, and saw thee polluted in thine own blood, I said unto
thee when thou wast in thy blood, Live; yea, I said unto thee when thou
wast in thy blood, Live.... Now when I passed by thee, and looked upon
thee, behold, thy time was the time of love, and I spread My skirt over
thee, and covered thy nakedness: yea, I sware unto thee, and entered into
a covenant with thee, saith the Lord God, and thou becamest Mine. Then
washed I thee with water; yea, I thoroughly washed away thy blood from
thee, and I anointed thee with oil." Ezek.16:3-6, 8,9.
What a tremendous
illustration of the justification of sinners by the pure mercy of God!
Notice how God washes and anoints with oil (the Holy Spirit) after He
covers the sinner with His righteousness. Commenting on this scripture,
John Bunyan says:
"Quest. But
how could a holy God say, live, to such a sinful people?
"Ans. Though they had nought but sin, yet he had love and righteousness.
He had, 1. Love to pity them; 2. Righteousness to cover them. 'Now when
I passed by thee and looked upon thee, behold, thy time was the time of
love,' Ezek, xvi.8. What follows? 1. 'I spread my skirt over thee;' and,
2, 'Covered thy nakedness;' yea, 3, 'I sware unto thee;' and, 4, 'Entered
into covenant with thee;'and, 5, Thou becamest mine.' My love pitied thee;
my skirt covered thee. Thus God delivered them from the curse in his sight.
'Then I washed thee with water (after thou wast justified); yea, I thoroughly
washed away thy blood from thee, and anointed thee with oil,' ver. 9.
Sanctification, then, is consequential, justification goes before - the
Holy Ghost by this scripture setteth forth to the life, free grace to
the sons of men while they themselves are sinners. I say, while they are
unwashed, unswaddled, unsalted, but bloody sinners; for by these words,
'not washed, not salted, not swaddled,' he setteth forth their unsanctified
state; yea, they were not only unsanctified, but also cast out, without
pity, to the loathing of their persons; yea, 'no eye pitied them, to do
any of these things for them;' no eye but his whose glorious grace is
unsearchable; no eye but his who could look and love; all others looked
and loathed; but blessed be God that hath passed by us in that day that
we wallowed in our own blood; and blessed be God for the skirt of his
glorious righteousness wherewith he covered us when we lay before him
naked in blood. It was when we were in our blood that he loved us; when
we were in our blood he said, Live. Therefore, 'men are justified from
the curse in the sightof God while sinners inthemselves.' "-Justification
byan Imputed Righteousness, pp. 31, 32.
According to the
Way of Divine Forgiveness
According to the glorious gospel of saving grace, God forgives sinners rather than transformed, born-again saints. But according to Rome, a sinner cannot be forgiven unless he first becomes a new creature. In this way the poor sinner is unable to grasp the free gift of God's pardon, for, looking to himself, he is never sure if he is transformed enough for God to accept him. This was the nature of the struggle in the heart of Luther as he wailed, "How can I know that God forgives me when there is nothing in my heart like true conversion?" But as soon as he grasped God's free pardon to an unworthy sinner, he experienced the peace, joy and love of the regenerate life. The great evil of the mystery of iniquity is in that it takes the fruit of justification and presents that as the means of justification.
Jesus' act of forgiving
and healing the sick of the palsy is a beautiful illustration of the relationship
of justification and newness of life.
"When Jesus saw
their faith, He said unto the sick of the palsy, Son, thy sins be forgiven
thee. But there were certain of the scribes sitting there, and reasoning
in their hearts, Why dloth this Man thus speak blasphemies? who can forgive
sins but God only? And immediately when Jesus perceived in His
spirit that they so reasoned within themselves, He said unto them, Why
reason ye these things in your hearts? Whether is it easier to say to
the sick of the palsy, Thy sins be forgiven thee; or to say, Arise, and
take up thy bed, and walk? But that ye may know that the Son of man hath
power on earth to forgive sins, (He saith to the sick of the palsy,) I
say unto thee, Arise, and take up thy bed, and go thy way into thine house.
And immediately he arose, took up the bed, and went forth before them
all; insomuch that they were all amazed, and glorified God, saying, We
never saw it on this fashion." Mark 2:5-12.
The sick man's physical restoration was the sign, or seal, of the righteousness which he had by faith (cf. Rom. 4:10, 11). This miracle was an illustration of Jesus' power to bring regeneration and newness of life to souls that are palsied by sin. It shows that forgiveness and regeneration are never to be separated. Yet they must not be confused. First the palsied man was forgiven. Then he was restored to the vigor of new life. Here is an illustration of the gospel. The soul palsied by sin is first forgiven, then restored to spiritual soundness.
According to the Sanctuary
As soon as the repentant Hebrew stepped through the "door of the court" and into the enclosure of the sanctuary, he found himself surrounded on all sides by the white linen of the outer court. Here is an illustration of the imputed righteousness of Jesus. The moment the sinner steps through the door of faith and repentance, he is justified by the righteousness of God.
It is significant that the altar of burnt offering and the laver were within the court. This teaches us that the blessings of the covenant are found only in Christ. None are found outside. Sinners must run into Christ before anything else. If God wanted to show us that we must be free from sin before we run into Christ, He would have instructed Moses to put the altar and laver outside the court. This is what people do when they teach that men must experience regeneration before God can cover them with His righteousness.
According to the Reformers
The Reformers were not without fault in their understanding of truth. But God gave them the light on justification by faith, and despite differences that existed among some of them on certain points, they were all united on justification, the foundation of the Protestant Reformation. They gave united witness to the truth that God justifies men while they are still sinners in themselves.
Andrew Osiander broke from Luther and the Reformation position on justification. He confounded justification and regeneration, and contended that men are made righteous before God by the indwelling of Christ with His essential righteousness in a person.
The Reformers recognized that Osiander's doctrine constituted a return, in principle, to the doctrine of Romanism. In his Institutes of the Christian Religion, John Calvin devoted a section to refute Osiander's theology. Among other things, he said:
"6. Osiander erroneously mixes forgiveness of sins with rebirth.
"To prove the first point - that God justifies not only by pardoning but by regenerating - he asks whether God leaves as they were by nature those whom he justified, chang ing none of their vices. This is exceedingly easy to answer: as Christ cannot be torn into parts, so these two which we perceive in him together and conjointly are inseparable - namely, righteousness and sanctification. Whomever, therefore, God receives into grace, on them he at the same time bestows the spirit of adoption [Rom. 8:5], by whose power he remakes them to his own image. But if the brightness of the sun cannot be separated from its heat, shall we therefore say that the earth is warmed by its light, or lighted by its heat? Is there anything more applicable to the present matter than this comparison? The sun, by its heat, quickens and fructifies the earth, by its beams brightens and illumines it. Here is a mutual and indivisible connection. Yet reason itself forbids us to transfer the peculiar qualities of the one to the other. In this confusion of the two kinds of grace that Osiander forces upon us there is a like absurdity. For since God, for the preservation of righteousness, renews those whom he freely reckons as righteous, Osiander mixes that gift of regeneration with this free acceptance and contends that they are one and the same. Yet Scripture, even though it joins them, still lists them separately in order that God's manifold grace may better appear to us. For Paul's statement is not redundant: that Christ was given to us for our righteousness and sanctification [1 Cor. 1:30]. And whenever he reasons - from the salvation purchased for us, from God's fatherly love, and from Christ's grace - that we are called to holiness and cleanness, he clearly indicates that to be justified means something different from being made new creatures."
John Wesley was noted for his great emphasis on holiness of life; yet he stood decidedly with the Reformers on the true relation of justification and regeneration. Said Wesley:
"If any doctrines within the whole compass of Christianity may be properly termed fundamental, they are doubtless these two; the doctrine of justification, and that of the new birth: the former relating to that great work which God does for us, in forgiving our sins; the latter, to the great work which God does in us, in renewing our fallen nature. In order of time, neither of these is before the other; in the moment we are justified by the grace of God, through the redemption that is in Jesus, we are also 'born of the Spirit;' but in order of thinking as it is termed, justification precedes the new birth. We first conceive his wrath to be turned away, and then his Spirit to work in our hearts." -Sermons on Several Occasions, sermon 45, "The New Birth."
Unless Wesley was clear on this matter of justification, he could not have preached for the conversion of thousands of sinners. See how he concluded a powerful sermon on justification:
"Thou ungodly one, who hearest or readest these words, thou vile, helpless, miserable sinner, I charge thee before God, the Judge of all, go straight unto him, with all thy ungodliness. Take heed thou destroy not thy own soul by pleading thy righteousness more or less. Go as altogether ungodly, guilty, lost, destroyed, deserving and dropping into hell; and thou shalt then find favour in his sight, and know that he justifieth the ungodly. As such thou shalt be brought unto the blood of sprinkling, as an undone, helpless, damned sinner. Thus look unto Jesus! There is the Lamb of God, who taketh away thy sins! Plead thou no works, no righteousness of thine own! No humility, contrition, sincerity! In no wise. That were, in very deed, to deny the Lord that bought thee. No; plead thou, singly, the blood of the covenant, the ransom paid for thy proud, stubborn, sinful soul. Who art thou, that now seest and feelest both thine inward and outward ungodliness? Thou art the man! I want thee for my Lord! I challenge thee for a child of God by faith! The Lord hath need of thee. Thou who feelest thou art just fit for hell, art just fit to advance his g[ory; the glory of his free grace, justifying the ungodly and him that worketh not. Oh come quickly! Believe in the Lord Jesus; and thou, even thou, art reconciled to God." - Ibid., sermon 5, "Justification by Faith."
Conclusion
There is freedom and power, as well as a wealth of comfort, in the truth. We need to know that God justifies sinners who believe His gospel message. But if we once accept the devil's premise that God will justify us on the basis of some inward righteousness, faith totters, and the soul falls into uncertainty and despair. Those who would teach that regeneration must precede justification do dig ditches in the path to Christ that neither themselves nor poor sinners who heed them can ever get across. But in the light of the gospel, the conviction of our utter sinfulness need not drive us to despair. Indeed, such conviction prepares us for the comfort of the gospel. The fact that we are sinners entitles us to come to Christ. We may come just as we are and, throwing ourselves in all our unworthiness entirely upon His mercy, may grasp the promise: "But to him that worketh not, but believeth on Him that justifieth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness." Rom. 4:5.